複合関係代名詞と複合関係副詞 - Compound Relative Pronouns and Adverbs
「誰にでも気前がいい」「何でもかんでも欲しがる。」なんて言い方をする時便利な複合関係代名詞·副詞。
複合関係詞代名詞·副詞は、形容詞節ではなく、名詞節や副詞節として機能します。
複合関係代名詞
WHOEVER, WHOMEVER
節の人が主語の時は 【WHOEVER】、目的語の時は【WHOMEVER】 を使います。ただし、会話では目的語でも【WHOEVER】を使う事が多いです。
Whoever wants to come is welcome
Anyone who wants to come is welcome.
He is very nice to whomever he meets.
He is very nice to anyone whom he meets.
WHATEVER, WHICHEVER
物の時は、 【WHATEVER】, 【WHICHEVER】 を使います。【WHATEVER】は「何でも」【WHICHEVER】は「どちらでも」という意味です。
He always gets whatever he wants.
He always gets anything that he wants.
Choose whichever you prefer.
Choose one of which you prefer.
【WHATEVER】【WHICHEVER】は、「何でも良い」「どちらでも良い」という意味ですが、場合によっては「どうでもいい」という意味にもなるので注意しましょう。
副詞節の用法
WHERE, WHEN, HOW
WHEREVER, WHENEVER, HOWEVER は複合関係副詞。それぞれ、「どこでも」「いつでも」「どんなでも」という意味の副詞節になります。
You can go wherever you want to go.
You can go anyplace that you want to go.
You are welcome whenever you come.
You are welcome anytime that you come.
She can arrange her room however she wants.
She can arrange her room in any way that she wants.
「たとえ〜でも」という副詞節（譲歩・条件）の意味を表す副詞節になる事があります。NO MATTER-節に置き換えられます。
Whoever is elected for the mayor, their policy won't change much.
No matter who is elected for the mayor, their policy won't change much.
Whatever I say, he always disagrees with me.
No matter what I say, he always disagrees with me.
Whichever she chooses, you must accept her decision.
No matter which she chooses, you must accept her decision.
Wherever you are, you can use their services.
No matter where you are, you can use their services.
Whenever you need us, we will help you.
No matter when you need us, we will help you.
However hard you try, you can't forget him.
No matter how hard you try, you can't forget him.
NO MATTER-節と、譲歩の意味での-EVER 節の書き換えは良く試験に出ますが、両者のニュアンスは多少異なります。NO MATTER-節の方が「どんな〜でも」という意味が強く-EVER 節よりも改まった印象を受けます。
