主節/従属節とFragments —Main/Dependent Caluses and Fragments
Fragmentsとは断片と言う意味。主文が存在していない文の事を言います。下記の文章で、主節、従属節がどれだかわかりますか？
When I was a child, I was very quiet.
Because it was cold yesterday, I did not go out.
If you want to study English, you had better use an English-English dictionary.
Sarah, who is my classmate, is a very good actress.
"when,""because,""if,"で導入された部分は従属節です。これだけでは文は成立しません。従属節とは、それだけでは意味が通じない節で、名詞節、副詞節、形容詞節がこれにあたります。
"When I was a child,"
"Because it was cold yesterday,"
"If you want to study English,"
"who is my classmate,"
「子供の時」「雨だったから」だけ言われても、「それで？」と聞きたくなりますよね。これらが従属節。それに対して、
"I was very quiet."
"I did not go out."
"you had better use an English-English dictionary."
"Sarah is a very good actress."
これらは、それだけで十分意味が通じます。これらは主節・独立節と呼ばれます。
従属節だけでは、文は成立しません。
×I was very quiet. When I was a child.
×I did not go out. Because it was cold yesterday.
×You had better use an English-English dictionary. If you want to study English.
キチンと独立節があるかどうかきちんと確認するように心がけましょう。
×After a long discussion, we decided. To go to an Italian restaurant.
→After a long discussion, we decided to go to an Italian restaurant.
×I ordered a bottle of Madonna. The only wine that I know.
→I ordered a bottle of Madonna: the only wine that I know.
